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Tungsten or Wolfram: Friend or Foe?
Maria A Zoroddu1, Serenella Medici1, Massimiliano Peana1
1Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari. Italy.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
|May 4, 2017
Summary
Tungsten, once a tin industry impurity, is now recognized for its unique properties but poses health risks. Recent research highlights the need to investigate the toxic effects of tungsten and its ions in humans and animals.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Toxicology
- Occupational Health
Background:
- Tungsten (W), also known as wolfram, was historically viewed as a contaminant in the tin industry.
- Its exceptional properties include high strength, flexibility, hardness, and the highest melting point of any metal.
- Early assumptions of tungsten's inertness and low toxicity have been challenged by recent findings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent scientific literature (2001-2016) on the adverse health effects of tungsten.
- To highlight the necessity of further investigation into tungsten's toxicity mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of studies published between 2001 and 2016.
- Analysis of in vitro and in vivo experimental data concerning tungsten alloys, dusts, and particulates.
Main Results:
- Evidence from recent studies indicates significant health risks associated with tungsten alloys, dusts, and particulates.
- Tungsten exposure has been linked to cancer and other adverse effects in both animal models and human subjects.
- The toxicological profile of tungsten metal and tungsten ions requires deeper scientific scrutiny.
Conclusions:
- Tungsten's dual nature as a valuable industrial metal and a potential health hazard necessitates careful management.
- Further research is crucial to fully understand the mechanisms underlying tungsten's toxicity.
- Enhanced safety protocols and continued toxicological evaluation are recommended for industries utilizing tungsten.
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