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A new silicon arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) router design reduces aberrations and improves spectral performance. This enhanced design minimizes crosstalk, crucial for advanced optical networking applications.

Area of Science:

Photonics and Optical Engineering
Integrated Optics
Silicon Photonics

Background:

Conventional silicon arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) suffer from aberrations, leading to spectral response issues like side lobes.
These aberrations cause high crosstalk in peripheral and edge channels, limiting their use in optical routers.
Existing designs struggle with spectral performance, especially for edge channel inputs within a free spectral range (FSR).

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the impact of aberration on the spectral performance of conventional silicon AWG routers.
To propose and validate a novel AWG design that mitigates aberration-induced spectral issues.
To improve the crosstalk performance of silicon AWG devices for practical router applications.

Main Methods:

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Simulated spectral responses of conventional silicon AWG routers with constant pitch waveguide designs.

Developed a new AWG design featuring a constant projected period for array waveguides near the free propagation region (FPR).

Fabricated and experimentally evaluated both conventional and proposed silicon AWG routers on a SOI wafer.

Main Results:

Conventional AWG designs exhibit significant aberrations, causing side lobes in spectral responses, particularly for peripheral and edge channels.
The proposed AWG design effectively reduces aberrations across all output wavelengths within the FSR for both center and edge inputs.
Experimental results demonstrate substantially improved spectral responses for the proposed AWG design compared to the conventional one.

Conclusions:

Aberrations in conventional silicon AWG routers lead to high crosstalk, hindering router performance.
The proposed simple design significantly suppresses aberrations, enhancing spectral performance and reducing crosstalk.
This improved AWG design offers a viable solution for high-performance optical router applications.