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Related Concept Videos

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists

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Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
One class of bronchodilators includes β2-adrenoceptor agonists. These agents target the β2-adrenoceptors located on bronchial smooth muscle cells. By stimulating these receptors, β2-agonists induce...
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Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

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Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
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Antiasthma Drugs: Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists01:20

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Muscarinic receptor antagonists, also known as antimuscarinic agents, are a class of bronchodilators used to treat asthma, although they are more commonly used to treat COPD. They work by inhibiting the action of acetylcholine (ACh), a neurotransmitter, on muscarinic receptors found in the airways.
Antimuscarinic agents compete with ACh for the same binding site on the muscarinic receptors. By binding to these receptors, they inhibit the downstream effects of ACh and block the parasympathetic...
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Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
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Related Experiment Video

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Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
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Asthma-like attacks terminated by slow pathway ablation.

Selcuk Ozturk1, Hasan Turhan2, Ertan Yetkin3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Izzet Baysal Hospital, Bolu, Turkey.

Annals of Thoracic Medicine
|May 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) can mimic asthma symptoms. Treating SVT with radiofrequency ablation resolved a patient's 20-year history of difficult-to-treat asthma-like attacks.

Keywords:
Asthmacross-talksupraventricular arrhythmia

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Asthma involves reversible airway obstruction and bronchial hyperreactivity.
  • Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a common heart arrhythmia causing rapid heart rates.
  • SVT symptoms can include palpitations, chest pain, and dyspnea, sometimes mimicking respiratory conditions.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with a 20-year history of asthma-like attacks resistant to standard treatments.
  • The patient's persistent symptoms raised suspicion for an underlying cardiac etiology.
  • An unusual presentation of SVT was considered as the cause of the asthma-like symptoms.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with SVT as the cause of their chronic asthma-like symptoms.
  • Slow pathway radiofrequency ablation was performed to treat the underlying SVT.
  • Successful ablation led to the resolution of the patient's asthma-like attacks.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering cardiac arrhythmias in patients with refractory asthma-like symptoms.
  • Radiofrequency ablation can be an effective treatment for SVT presenting with atypical respiratory symptoms.
  • Recognizing extraordinary presentations of SVT can improve patient diagnosis and management, preventing prolonged misdiagnosis.