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Accelerometer-based step initiation control for gait-assist neuroprostheses.

Kevin M Foglyano1, John R Schnellenberger1, Rudi Kobetic1

  • 1Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH.

Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development
|May 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Accelerometers and algorithms reliably detect the intent to step in individuals with central nervous system trauma, enabling functional electrical stimulation (FES) for improved walking. This technology offers safe and convenient gait assistance across diverse mobility needs.

Keywords:
SCIaccelerometergaitneuroprosthesisrehabilitationstepstep initiationstimulationstroketrigger

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neurorehabilitation
  • Assistive Technology

Background:

  • Restoring ambulation after central nervous system trauma often requires functional electrical stimulation (FES) of paralyzed muscles.
  • Precise timing of FES, synchronized with volitional movement, is crucial for effective gait assistance.
  • Existing methods for triggering FES lack adaptability across diverse patient populations and mobility impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of 3D accelerometers and custom algorithms in detecting the intent to step.
  • To enable accelerometer-triggered FES for gait assistance in individuals with varying neurological injuries and mobility limitations.
  • To assess the system's performance across different terrains and user characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Three individuals with post-stroke hemiplegia or spinal cord injury received implanted multichannel pulse generators for hip, knee, and ankle stimulation.
  • 3D accelerometers were integrated into an external control unit (detecting heel/walker strike) and wireless sensors (detecting crutch strike).
  • Custom algorithms processed sensor data to identify step initiation intent, triggering individualized FES patterns.

Main Results:

  • Algorithms achieved at least 90% detection accuracy for step intent on both level and uneven ground.
  • The accelerometer-triggered FES system demonstrated safe, reliable, and convenient operation.
  • Successful community ambulation was achieved by all participants using the system, irrespective of their specific gait deficits or walking aids.

Conclusions:

  • Accelerometer-based detection of step initiation is a viable and effective method for triggering FES during walking.
  • This technology provides a versatile solution for gait restoration in individuals with diverse neurological conditions and mobility challenges.
  • The developed system offers a promising advancement in assistive technology for improving walking function and independence.