Influence of radiofrequency kyphoplasty on pulmonary function

Vertebral compression fractures (VCF) change the natural spinal alignment and inevitably lead to a decreased quality of life.

The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in pulmonary function after VCF were treated by radiofrequency kyphoplasty (RF-TVA).

Twenty-five patients were treated with RF-TVA and analyzed in 3 subgroups taking into account the spinal location of the VCF. Pain as measured by visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry-Disability-Index (ODI), vertebral height, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were assessed before, directly after and 30 days after RF-TVA.

The mean vertebral height was improved in all subgroups, with a minor reduction from one to 30 days postoperatively. The mean VAS and ODI significantly decreased in the main and upper diaphragm groups from baseline to the follow-up after 30 days. Patients treated below the main diaphragm region showed a significant improvement of ODI and a clear trend to significant improvements of VAS. PEF and FEV1 were significantly improved in the main diaphragm group. FEV1 also increased significantly in the upper diaphragm group with a clear trend to significance in the lower diaphragm group.

Results indicate that RF-TVA may improve pulmonary function especially in cases where fractures are located in the main spinal region of the diaphragm.