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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

64
Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
64
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

8.0K
Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
8.0K
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

1.5K
Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
1.5K
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

91
Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
91
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

68
Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
68
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

32.7K
Overview
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity
10:22

Basophil Activation Test for Investigation of IgE-Mediated Mechanisms in Drug Hypersensitivity

Published on: September 16, 2011

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Progestogen Hypersensitivity: Heterogeneous Manifestations with a Common Trigger.

Kathleen M Buchheit1, Jonathan A Bernstein2

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. in Practice
|May 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypersensitivity to progestogen (PH) causes diverse symptoms linked to natural or synthetic progesterone exposure. This review covers PH

Keywords:
Autoimmune progesterone dermatitisCatamenial anaphylaxisDesensitizationDrug allergyEstrogen dermatitisEstrogen hypersensitivityLactation anaphylaxisProgesteroneProgestinProgestogen

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Hypersensitivity to progestogen (PH), formerly autoimmune progesterone dermatitis, is an emerging condition.
  • Symptoms arise from progesterone surges in the menstrual cycle or exogenous progestin use.
  • Increased use of progestins for contraception and fertility has led to more reported PH cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review proposed pathomechanisms of progestogen hypersensitivity (PH).
  • To describe the clinical presentation and diagnostic strategies for PH.
  • To outline treatment options for patients experiencing PH.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of proposed pathomechanisms.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations associated with progestogen exposure.
  • Summary of diagnostic testing and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • PH presents heterogeneously, linked to endogenous or exogenous progestogen exposure.
  • Diagnostic challenges exist, necessitating a review of testing strategies.
  • Treatment options are being established for managing PH symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Progestogen hypersensitivity (PH) requires increased clinical recognition.
  • Understanding pathomechanisms is crucial for diagnosis and management.
  • Further research into PH diagnosis and treatment is warranted.