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Perceived Self-Efficacy and Financial Incentives: Factors Affecting Health Behaviors and Weight Loss in a Workplace
Pouran D Faghri1, Julia Simon, Tania Huedo-Medina
1Department of Allied Health Sciences (Dr Faghri, Ms Simon, Dr Huedo-Medina); and Department of Psychology (Dr Gorin), University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.
Objective:
To evaluate if self-efficacy (SE) and financial incentives (FI) mediate the effect of health behavior on weight loss in a group of overweight and obese nursing-home employees participating in a 16-week weight-loss intervention with 12-week follow-up.
Methods:
Ninety nine overweight/obese (body mass index [BMI] > 25) employees from four nursing-homes participated, with a mean age of 46.98 years and BMI of 35.33. Nursing-homes were randomized to receiving an incentive-based intervention (n = 51) and no incentive (n = 48). Participants' health behaviors and eating and exercise self-efficacy (Ex-SE) were assessed at week 1, 16, and 28 using a self-reported questionnaire. Mediation and moderated mediation analysis assessed relationships among these variables.
Results:
Eating self-efficacy (Eat-SE) and Ex-SE were significant mediators between health behaviors and weight loss (P < 0.05). Incentives significantly moderated the effects of self-efficacy (P = 0.00) on weight loss.
Conclusions:
Self-efficacy and FI may affect weight loss and play a role in weight-loss interventions.
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