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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
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The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Culture of myeloid dendritic cells from bone marrow precursors
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Dendritic cells in the host response to implanted materials.

Benjamin G Keselowsky1, Jamal S Lewis2

  • 1J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.

Seminars in Immunology
|May 11, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are key immune cells that bridge innate and adaptive immunity. Manipulating DC responses to biomaterials offers promise for advanced immune engineering and diverse applications.

Keywords:
BiomaterialsDendritic cellsForeign body responseImmunologyMicroparticlesScaffolds

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Immune Engineering

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in the immune system, bridging innate and adaptive immunity.
  • DCs exhibit diverse types and functions, mediating responses to various biomaterials.
  • Understanding DC interactions with implanted materials is crucial for biomaterials-based immune engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge of dendritic cell biology.
  • To summarize recent findings on DC responses to implanted biomaterials.
  • To explore the potential for directed programming of DC responses for specific applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of DC biology.
  • Synthesis of recent research on DC-biomaterial interactions.
  • Analysis of findings for future application potential.

Main Results:

  • DCs are central mediators of immune responses to both synthetic and natural biomaterials.
  • Diverse DC subtypes and functions influence the host response to implants.
  • Evidence suggests that DC responses to biomaterials can be predictably modulated.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted manipulation of dendritic cells holds significant promise for biomaterials-based immune engineering.
  • Directed programming of DC responses can enhance the performance of diverse biomaterial applications.
  • This field is rapidly developing, with potential for broad impact across medical and research areas.