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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Association01:28

Ionic Association

19
The ionic association is the association of oppositely charged ions in an electrolyte solution to form ion pairs. Bjerrum defined ion pairs as two oppositely charged ions whose electrostatic attraction exceeds the thermal energy of the system, typically expressed as 2kT. Electrostatic attraction depends on ionic charge, separation distance, and the dielectric constant of the medium. Thermal energy, represented by kT, reflects the tendency of ions to move independently due to molecular motion.
19
Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

2.9K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
2.9K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.6K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.6K
Ionic Strength: Overview01:12

Ionic Strength: Overview

3.3K
The ionic strength of a solution is a quantitative way of expressing the total electrolyte concentration of a solution. This concept was first introduced in 1921 by two American physical chemists, Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall, while describing the activity coefficient of strong electrolytes. During the calculation of ionic strength (I or μ), all the cations and anions are considered. However, the concentration (c) of an ion with a greater charge number (z) has a greater contribution...
3.3K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

20.5K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
20.5K
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

26.9K
An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
26.9K

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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Multiscale Studies on Ionic Liquids.

Kun Dong1, Xiaomin Liu1, Haifeng Dong1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.

Chemical Reviews
|May 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores multiscale modeling strategies for understanding ionic liquids (ILs). It details methods from molecular to process scales, enhancing predictive capabilities for IL applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Ionic liquids (ILs) possess unique properties driving diverse applications.
  • Understanding IL hierarchical structures and behaviors is crucial for further development.
  • Multiscale strategies are essential for bridging different length scales in IL research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review multiscale modeling methods applied to ionic liquids.
  • To summarize recent advances in fundamental and application understanding of ILs.
  • To highlight the importance of multiscale strategies for ILs.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction to structures and properties of typical ILs.
  • Overview of multiscale modeling techniques: QM/MM (molecular), CG/DPD (mesoscale), CFD/COSMO-RS/GD (macroscale).
  • Discussion of IL applications across molecular, mesoscale, and unit/process scales.

Main Results:

  • Detailed examination of IL structures and dynamics at molecular and mesoscale levels.
  • Application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and thermodynamic models for process scale.
  • Integration of multiscale approaches for reactor and process design optimization.

Conclusions:

  • Multiscale strategies significantly enhance the understanding and predictive power of ionic liquids.
  • This review provides a comprehensive summary of current advancements in IL research.
  • Future development of ILs relies on robust multiscale modeling and experimental validation.