Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 2, 2026
Rat Model of Widespread Cerebral Cortical Demyelination Induced by an Intracerebral Injection of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines
Published on: September 21, 2021
Multiple sclerosis in India: Iceberg or volcano
Insha Zahoor1, Ehtishamul Haq1
1Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K 190006, India.
Abstract:
Multiple sclerosis (MS)1 is a chronic neurodegenerative disease involving destruction of the myelin sheath around axons of the brain, spinal cord and optic nerve. There has been a tremendous transformation in its perspective across globe. In recent years, its prevalence has changed dramatically worldwide and India is no exception. Initially, MS was believed to be more common in the Caucasians of Northern Europe and United States; however, it has been found to be present in Indian subcontinent as well. There has been a considerable shift in MS prevalence in India and this has really changed the notion of considering India as a low risk zone for MS. In this review, a concise overview and latest update on changing scenario of MS in India is presented along with some major challenges regarding it persisting across globe even today. In India, remarkable upsurge is needed in carrying out large scale population-based epidemiological studies to get an idea about the true incidence and prevalence rates of MS viz a viz disease burden. Through this review, we have probably tried to identify the actual picture of MS prevalence in India and this could serve as harbinger for upcoming research and at the same time it would definitely aid in working out future strategies for MS management in the country.
Insights
Multiple sclerosis (MS), a neurodegenerative disease, is increasingly recognized in India, challenging its previous low-risk status. Further epidemiological studies are crucial for accurate prevalence data and effective management strategies.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neuroimmunology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative condition affecting the central nervous system.
- Historically, MS was considered rare in India, primarily affecting Caucasian populations.
- Recent observations indicate a significant shift in MS prevalence globally and within India.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of the changing landscape of MS in India.
- To highlight global challenges in MS management.
- To emphasize the need for updated epidemiological data in India.
Main Methods:
- This is a review article.
- It synthesizes existing literature on MS prevalence and trends.
- It discusses challenges in MS research and management.
Main Results:
- India is no longer considered a low-risk zone for MS.
- There is a notable increase in MS cases within the Indian subcontinent.
- Significant gaps exist in large-scale, population-based epidemiological studies in India.
Conclusions:
- The perception of MS prevalence in India needs re-evaluation.
- There is an urgent need for robust epidemiological studies to determine true incidence and prevalence rates.
- Findings will inform future research and national MS management strategies.
