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Transcriptional reprogramming in cellular quiescence.

Benjamin Roche1, Benoit Arcangioli2, Robert Martienssen1,3

  • 1a Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory , Cold Spring Harbor , NY , USA.

RNA Biology
|May 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Quiescent cells remain transcriptionally active and require RNA interference to regulate RNA polymerase I. This ensures essential structural RNAs are maintained for cell survival and potential cell cycle re-entry.

Keywords:
DicerG0RNA interferencedifferentiationdormancyepigeneticshistonequiescencereprogrammingstem cellstranscription

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Most cells exist in a quiescent G0 state, not actively dividing but retaining metabolic and transcriptional activity.
  • Quiescent cells must maintain essential transcripts and proteins for survival, implying controlled gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transcriptional control mechanisms in quiescent cells.
  • To explore the role of RNA polymerases and RNA interference in maintaining cellular function during G0.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on yeast model organisms (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe).
  • Comparative analysis with other eukaryotes and mammalian systems, including stem cells.

Main Results:

  • Quiescent cells actively transcribe using RNA polymerase II.
  • RNA polymerase I and III are crucial for maintaining structural RNAs in G0.
  • RNA interference is essential for controlling RNA polymerase I transcription during quiescence.

Conclusions:

  • Specific transcriptional control mechanisms have evolved for quiescent cells.
  • RNA interference plays a key role in regulating RNA polymerase I during cell cycle arrest.
  • Findings in yeast have implications for understanding quiescent states in mammalian cells and stem cells.