Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 2, 2026
08:07
A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain
Published on: July 25, 2022
3.1K
Designer outer membrane vesicles as immunomodulatory systems - Reprogramming bacteria for vaccine delivery
Yehou M D Gnopo1, Hannah C Watkins1, Taylor C Stevenson2
1Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States.
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
|May 15, 2017
Summary
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) offer a promising approach to developing more effective vaccines by modulating immune responses. This review explores OMVs as novel vaccine adjuvants, covering their production, detoxification, and antigen delivery strategies.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Vaccine efficacy often relies on adjuvants to stimulate immune responses.
- Traditional adjuvants like alum provide broad immune activation but lack specificity.
- Novel adjuvants are needed to precisely direct immune responses for enhanced vaccine effectiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the potential of bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) as vaccine adjuvants.
- To discuss strategies for producing, detoxifying, and utilizing OMVs for vaccine delivery.
- To explore OMV-based vaccine constructs, including those using protein and carbohydrate antigens.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in vaccine development.
- Analysis of OMV production methods and detoxification strategies.
- Examination of OMV applications for delivering pathogen-specific antigens, including glycosylated OMVs.
Main Results:
- OMVs can be engineered as effective vaccine delivery systems.
- Detoxification strategies are crucial for parenteral administration of OMVs.
- OMVs can present both protein and carbohydrate antigens for targeted immune responses.
Conclusions:
- Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) represent a versatile platform for next-generation vaccines.
- Further research into OMV-based vaccines promises more targeted and effective pathogen-specific immunity.
- OMVs offer a maturing field with significant potential for improving vaccine design and efficacy.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:29Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
1.3K
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
1.3K
01:51Vaccinations
52.5K
Overview
52.5K
01:31Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
3.2K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
3.2K
01:19Formation of Lipopolysaccharides
787
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are crucial components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, serving both structural and functional roles. It contributes to membrane stability and protects bacteria from host immune responses. LPS is composed of three major regions—lipid A, a core oligosaccharide, and an O antigen. The biosynthesis and assembly of LPS involve a highly coordinated set of enzymatic reactions and transport mechanisms. Additionally, LPS is recognized as an endotoxin,...
787
01:18Outer Layers of the Cell Envelope
1.4K
The outermost layers of prokaryotic cells play a critical role in their survival, virulence, and interaction with the environment. These layers, often composed of polysaccharides, polypeptides, or proteins, form protective and adhesive structures that vary in organization and function.Capsules and Slime LayersCapsules are highly organized, tightly bound layers that firmly attach to the bacterial cell wall. Capsules are usually made of polysaccharides, though some are made of polypeptides. These...
1.4K
01:17Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems
1.2K
Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
1.2K