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37 year snacking trends for US children 1977-2014
E K Dunford1,2, B M Popkin1,3
1Carolina Population Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
Pediatric Obesity
|May 17, 2017
Summary
American children
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nutrition
- Dietary Trends
- Public Health
Background:
- Snacking contributes significantly to calorie intake in American children.
- The energy density of snacks consumed by US children has risen over recent decades.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze long-term trends (1977-2014) in snack energy density and food sources among US children.
- To investigate disparities in these trends across various socio-demographic groups.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from eight national food intake surveys (n=49,952 children aged 2-18).
- Examined snacking patterns, energy intake from snacks, and snack food/beverage sources.
- Analyzed trends across race-ethnic, age, gender, education, and income demographics.
Main Results:
- Per capita energy intake from snacks significantly increased across all groups (P < 0.01).
- Salty snack consumption doubled; sugar-sweetened beverage intake decreased overall but rose among Non-Hispanic Blacks.
- Children in lower poverty and education groups showed over 100% increase in snack calorie intake.
Conclusions:
- Snacking behaviors and sources vary by socio-demographic factors in US children.
- Snacking remains a major dietary component, often with unhealthy food choices not aligned with US dietary guidelines.
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