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Related Concept Videos

Activation of Integrins01:15

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Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
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Integrins01:10

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Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
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Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
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Selectins01:25

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Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain,...
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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
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Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
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Integrins in development and cancer.

Luke R Anderson1, Thomas W Owens1, Matthew J Naylor2

  • 1Discipline of Physiology & Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Biophysical Reviews
|May 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Integrins, cell surface receptors, control cell fate during development and in disease. This review explores integrin roles in cell biology, mechanobiology, and cancer, highlighting their importance in tissue homeostasis.

Keywords:
CancerCell fateExtracellular matrixIntegrinsMechanobiologyStem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cell fate control is crucial for metazoan development and tissue homeostasis.
  • Integrins mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, regulating cell fate.
  • The precise roles of different integrins and their temporal regulation are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of integrins in key developmental processes.
  • To discuss advances in integrin mechanobiology.
  • To highlight the involvement of integrins and aberrant ECM in cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of integrin function in development and disease.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on integrin mechanobiology.
  • Analysis of the link between integrins, ECM, and cancer.

Main Results:

  • Integrins regulate proliferation, polarity, apoptosis, differentiation, and stemness.
  • Integrins translate microenvironmental mechanical cues into biological responses.
  • Aberrant ECM and integrin signaling are implicated in cancer progression.

Conclusions:

  • Integrins are critical regulators of cell fate with diverse roles in development and homeostasis.
  • Integrin mechanobiology is a key area for understanding cellular responses to the microenvironment.
  • Targeting integrins and ECM interactions holds potential for cancer therapy.