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Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: Exploring Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease
Published on: September 22, 2023
The Phenomenology of Parkinson's Disease
Christopher W Hess1, Mark Hallett2
1Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration, Gainesville, Florida.
Abstract:
The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease are not limited to the cardinal symptoms of bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor, but also include a variety of interrelated motor phenomena such as deficits in spatiotemporal planning and movement sequencing, scaling and timing of movements, and intermuscular coordination that can be clinically observed. Although many of these phenomena overlap, a review of the full breadth of the motor phenomenon can aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression.
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