Ureterolithiasis: Management in an environment with limited facilities

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Nephrology
• Surgical Management

Background:

• Modern ureteral stone removal techniques have advanced significantly.
• This study focuses on managing symptomatic ureteral stones in resource-limited settings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the management strategies for symptomatic ureteral stones in an environment lacking advanced endourological facilities.
• To analyze the presentation, treatment outcomes, and challenges faced in managing ureteral calculi.

Main Methods:

• A study of 69 patients (53 males, 16 females) with symptomatic ureteric calculi.
• Inclusion of thorough history, physical examinations, laboratory investigations, and imaging studies (ultrasonography, IVU, CT scan).

Main Results:

• 66.7% of patients presented with ureteric colic, and 89.9% had hematuria.
• 15% of stones passed spontaneously, while 47.8% underwent successful open surgery.
• Stones were found to be mixed in nature.

Conclusions:

• Management is hindered by delayed presentation, low awareness, lack of equipment, and few urological surgeons.
• Medical treatment should be considered for ureteral stones smaller than 10 mm.