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Canine Cutaneous Plasmacytosis: 21 Cases (2005-2015).

B O Boostrom¹, A S Moore², C J DeRegis³

¹Colorado State University Flint Animal Cancer Center, Fort Collins, CO.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

|May 18, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cutaneous plasmacytosis in dogs can be effectively treated with chemotherapy, including melphalan and prednisone or lomustine. This study details treatment outcomes and survival times for dogs with this rare condition.

Keywords:

Multiple myeloma Plasma cell

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Oncology
Dermatology
Internal Medicine

Background:

Cutaneous plasmacytosis (CP) is a rare syndrome characterized by multiple cutaneous plasma cell tumors in dogs, distinct from multiple myeloma.
Treatment protocols for canine CP are often adapted from human multiple myeloma therapies.
This study represents the first case series describing CP in veterinary literature.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize the clinical presentation of cutaneous plasmacytosis in dogs.
To evaluate treatment response rates and duration for canine CP.
To determine the overall survival time for dogs diagnosed with CP.

Main Methods:

Medical records of 21 client-owned dogs diagnosed with cutaneous plasmacytosis were retrospectively reviewed.
Diagnosis was confirmed via histopathologic evaluation of cutaneous or subcutaneous lesions (≥3 lesions per dog).
Dogs with suspected multiple myeloma were excluded from the study.

Main Results:

Golden retrievers and Labrador retrievers were the most commonly affected breeds.
The majority of dogs presented with numerous lesions, often described as raised, pink-to-red, and variably alopecic or ulcerated.
Combined melphalan and prednisone achieved a 73.7% overall response rate (ORR), while single-agent lomustine showed a 71.4% ORR. Median progression-free interval was 153 days, and median survival was 542 days.

Conclusions:

Alkylating agents, including melphalan and lomustine, are effective in achieving remission for canine cutaneous plasmacytosis.
Corticosteroids were frequently used in combination therapies.
Survival times observed in this study are comparable to those reported for dogs with multiple myeloma treated with similar chemotherapeutic agents.