Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Adaptation of a Haptic Robot in a 3T fMRI
08:16

Adaptation of a Haptic Robot in a 3T fMRI

Published on: October 4, 2011

10.2K

Reading positional codes with fMRI: Problems and solutions.

Kristjan Kalm1, Dennis Norris1

  • 1Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Medical Research Council, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge, CB2 7EF, United Kingdom.

Plos One
|May 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Why might there be lexical-prelexical feedback in speech recognition?

Cognition·2024
Same author

Asymmetric negative transfer effects of working memory training.

Memory & cognition·2023
Same author

Diacritic priming in novice readers of diacritics.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2023
Same author

Sequence learning recodes cortical representations instead of strengthening initial ones.

PLoS computational biology·2021
Same author

More why, less how: What we need from models of cognition.

Cognition·2021
Same author

Letter identity and visual similarity in the processing of diacritic letters.

Memory & cognition·2021
Same journal

Epidemiological characteristics of amebiasis in Japan from 2001 to 2022.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Longitudinal associations of academic stress with eating related patterns, nutrition, somatic indicators, and depressive symptoms in university students: A study protocol.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Pollution removal efficiency enhancement by agricultural biomass additions in constructed wetlands: A framework integrating meta-analysis with explainable machine learning.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Insulation failure mapping on power transformer bushing using FRA and electrostatic simulation.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Enhancing medical Q&A systems with multimodal knowledge graphs and dual-layer attention mechanisms.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

UAMP: Consistent video object segmentation with uncertainty-aware memory propagation.

PloS one·2026
See all related articles

Researchers used computational simulations and fMRI data to show that unrelated neural processes can mimic dedicated sequence representations. This challenges interpretations of human neuroimaging data, suggesting caution when analyzing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) findings.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Investigating neural mechanisms for binding items into sequences is a significant area in animal neurophysiology and human neuroimaging.
  • Interpreting sequence representation data is complicated by confounding factors like memory load, sensory adaptation, and reward expectation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate how unrelated neural processes can be misinterpreted as dedicated sequence representations using computational simulations and fMRI data.
  • To highlight the challenges in dissociating true sequence representations from confounding neural activities in human neuroimaging studies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized computational simulations to model neural processes.
  • Analyzed data from two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments in humans.

More Related Videos

fMRI Validation of fNIRS Measurements During a Naturalistic Task
10:36

fMRI Validation of fNIRS Measurements During a Naturalistic Task

Published on: June 15, 2015

21.7K
Simultaneous Data Collection of fMRI and fNIRS Measurements Using a Whole-Head Optode Array and Short-Distance Channels
08:19

Simultaneous Data Collection of fMRI and fNIRS Measurements Using a Whole-Head Optode Array and Short-Distance Channels

Published on: October 20, 2023

1.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Adaptation of a Haptic Robot in a 3T fMRI
08:16

Adaptation of a Haptic Robot in a 3T fMRI

Published on: October 4, 2011

10.2K
fMRI Validation of fNIRS Measurements During a Naturalistic Task
10:36

fMRI Validation of fNIRS Measurements During a Naturalistic Task

Published on: June 15, 2015

21.7K
Simultaneous Data Collection of fMRI and fNIRS Measurements Using a Whole-Head Optode Array and Short-Distance Channels
08:19

Simultaneous Data Collection of fMRI and fNIRS Measurements Using a Whole-Head Optode Array and Short-Distance Channels

Published on: October 20, 2023

1.7K
  • Focused on identifying and differentiating sequence-specific neural signals from other concurrent neural activities.

    • Main Results:

    • Computational simulations and fMRI data revealed that various unrelated neural processes can effectively masquerade as sequence representations.
    • Dissociating dedicated sequence representations from these confounding processes is particularly challenging with fMRI data.
    • The study identified specific instances where assumed neural representations likely reflect unrelated processes rather than sequence binding.

    Conclusions:

    • Findings suggest that fMRI results related to sequence representation should be interpreted with caution.
    • Many assumed neural representations of sequences in human studies may actually stem from unrelated cognitive or physiological processes.
    • Emphasizes the need for refined analytical methods to distinguish true sequence encoding from confounds in neuroimaging research.