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Experimental Determination of Dynamical Lee-Yang Zeros.

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Researchers experimentally determined Lee-Yang zeros for nonequilibrium systems. This method predicts large-deviation statistics for stochastic processes, advancing statistical mechanics beyond equilibrium.

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Area of Science:

  • Statistical physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum mechanics

Background:

  • Lee-Yang zeros unify understanding of equilibrium phase transitions.
  • These zeros are now being applied to nonequilibrium phenomena like dynamical phase transitions and glass dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally realize a scheme for determining Lee-Yang zeros in nonequilibrium settings.
  • To characterize stochastic processes using dynamical Lee-Yang zeros.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction of dynamical Lee-Yang zeros from measurements of dynamical activity.
  • Analysis of Andreev tunneling in a normal-state island coupled to superconducting leads.
  • Utilizing short-time behavior of Lee-Yang zeros to predict large-deviation statistics.

Main Results:

  • Successful experimental determination of dynamical Lee-Yang zeros for a nonequilibrium stochastic process.
  • Prediction of large-deviation statistics of dynamical activity from Lee-Yang zero analysis.
  • Demonstration of a novel approach to study systems out of equilibrium.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method provides a new experimental tool for nonequilibrium statistical mechanics.
  • This approach enables the study of complex dynamical phenomena previously difficult to access.
  • Opens new avenues for investigating many-body systems far from equilibrium.