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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
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Revisiting Dissipation-Driven Phase Transition in a Josephson Junction.

Diego Subero1, Yu-Cheng Chang1, Miguel Monteiro1

  • 1Aalto University School of Science, Department of Applied Physics, PICO Group, QTF Centre of Excellence, P.O. Box 13500, 0076 Aalto, Finland.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study confirms the Schmid-Bulgadaev quantum phase transition in Josephson junctions occurs at the predicted quantum resistance of h/(4e^2). Experiments show this transition is consistent even at non-zero temperatures.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Phenomena
  • Superconductivity

Background:

  • The Schmid-Bulgadaev quantum phase transition in Josephson junctions has been debated for decades.
  • Understanding this transition is crucial for quantum electronics and condensed matter physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the Schmid-Bulgadaev quantum phase transition in Josephson junctions.
  • To clarify the role of resistance in the transition from superconducting to insulating regimes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic experiments on low-frequency current-voltage characteristics of Josephson junctions.
  • Experiments conducted in a true resistive environment using an on-chip metallic resistor.
  • Theoretical modeling to corroborate experimental observations.

Main Results:

  • The quantum phase transition was observed to occur when resistance crosses the quantum value h/(4e^2) ≈ 6.5 kΩ for Cooper pairs.
  • Experimental findings align with the original predictions for this quantum resistance threshold.
  • The crossover resistance remains consistent with T=0 predictions even at non-zero experimental temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides strong experimental evidence for the Schmid-Bulgadaev quantum phase transition.
  • The quantum resistance h/(4e^2) serves as a critical parameter for the superconducting-insulating transition in Josephson junctions.
  • The findings validate theoretical predictions and offer insights into quantum transport phenomena.