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Author Spotlight: Extended Oxygen Consumption Measurement in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Using Resipher
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Sensing oxygen inside and out.

Maria R Stupnikov1, Wellington V Cardoso1

  • 1Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and the Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, United States.

Elife
|May 20, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuroendocrine cells, which sense oxygen levels in diverse animals, have origins that are now being uncovered. This research sheds light on the evolutionary journey of these vital oxygen-sensing cells.

Keywords:
carotid bodychickendevelopmental biologyendodermfate-mappingmouseneural crestneuroepithelial cellssea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)stem cellsxenopuszebrafish

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Cell biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Neuroendocrine cells function as critical oxygen sensors across a wide range of species, including humans.
  • Understanding the evolutionary history of these specialized cells is essential for comprehending their diverse physiological roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary origins and early development of neuroendocrine oxygen-sensing cells.
  • To elucidate the ancestral mechanisms underlying oxygen sensing in biological systems.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative genomics and transcriptomics across various animal taxa.
  • In silico analyses to identify conserved genetic pathways.
  • Developmental biology studies in model organisms.

Main Results:

  • Identification of conserved gene families and regulatory networks associated with neuroendocrine cell development and oxygen sensing.
  • Tracing the emergence of key oxygen-sensing pathways to early metazoan ancestors.
  • Evidence suggesting a gradual evolution of oxygen-sensing capabilities within the neuroendocrine system.

Conclusions:

  • The evolutionary origins of neuroendocrine oxygen sensors are ancient, with foundational mechanisms present in early animal life.
  • This study provides a framework for understanding the evolution of physiological sensing mechanisms.
  • Further research can explore the functional diversification of these cells in different environments.