Functionalization of electrospun polymeric wound dressings with antimicrobial peptides

Wound dressings have evolved considerably since ancient times. Modern dressings are now important systems that combine the physical and biochemical properties of natural and synthetic polymers with active compounds that are beneficial to wound healing. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are the most recent addition to these systems. These aim to control the microbial proliferation and colonization of pathogens and to modulate the host's immune response. In the last decade, electrospun wound dressings have been extensively studied and the electrospinning technique recognized as an efficient approach for the production of nanoscale fibrous mats. The control of the electrospinning processing parameters, the selection of the polymer and AMPs, and the definition of the most appropriate AMPs' functionalization method contribute to the successful treatment of acute and chronic wounds. Although the use of electrospinning in wound dressings' production has been previously reviewed, the increased development of AMPs and the establishment of functionalization methods for wound dressings over recent years has increased the need for such research. In the present review, we approach all these subjects and reveal the promising therapeutic potential of wound dressings functionalized with AMPs.