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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

328
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
328
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

287
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
287
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

765
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
765
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

302
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
302
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

291
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
291
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

273
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
273

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Severe trauma in the geriatric population.

Juan Antonio Llompart-Pou1, Jon Pérez-Bárcena1, Mario Chico-Fernández1

  • 1Juan Antonio Llompart-Pou, Jon Pérez-Bárcena, Joan Maria Raurich, Servei de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

World Journal of Critical Care Medicine
|May 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Geriatric trauma is a growing concern due to aging

Keywords:
Elderly patientsGeriatric traumaOutcomeSevere traumaTriage

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric trauma research
  • Aging and cellular function
  • Injury response in elderly

Background:

  • Aging impairs cellular response to injury.
  • Common medications can mask trauma symptoms.
  • Falls are the leading cause of death in older adults.
  • Antiplatelets and anticoagulants complicate fall injuries, especially with brain trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the challenges of geriatric trauma.
  • To emphasize the need for improved triage and management strategies.
  • To discuss the role of frailty assessment in geriatric trauma care.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on geriatric trauma.
  • Analysis of factors complicating injury response in the elderly.
  • Discussion of diagnostic and management challenges.

Main Results:

  • Geriatric trauma is under-recognized and under-triaged.
  • Medications and comorbidities complicate assessment.
  • Early intervention and coagulopathy correction are crucial.
  • Frailty assessment may improve triage accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Geriatric trauma requires specialized attention.
  • Optimizing triage and early aggressive management improves outcomes.
  • Consideration of palliative care is essential for poor prognosis cases.