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Related Concept Videos

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Dietary Connections

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In biological systems, most metabolic pathways are interconnected. The cellular respiration processes that convert glucose to ATP—such as glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle—tie into those that break down other organic compounds. As a result, various foods—from apples to cheese to guacamole—end up as ATP. In addition to carbohydrates, food also contains proteins and lipids—such as cholesterol and fats. All of these organic compounds are used...
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In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
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Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System II: Health Perception Pattern01:29

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Assessing the gastrointestinal (GI) system is a complex process that begins with collecting subjective data. This data, collected through patient interviews, provides crucial insights into the patient's health history, perception patterns, and lifestyle habits, all contributing significantly to GI health.
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Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

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Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
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Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

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Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
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'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake
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Prototypical versus contemporary Mediterranean Diet.

W Rizza1, L De Gara1, R Antonelli Incalzi2

  • 1Food Sciences and Human Nutrition Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
|May 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Mediterranean Diet (MD) has evolved over 70 years in Southern Italy, with contemporary diets showing increased animal product consumption. Despite changes, nutrient intake generally meets current dietary guidelines.

Keywords:
Dietary patternEvolution of eating habitsMediterranean Diet

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Dietary Evolution Studies
  • Public Health Nutrition

Background:

  • The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is a globally recognized healthy eating pattern.
  • Investigating dietary changes over time is crucial for understanding health trends.
  • Southern Italy provides a relevant context for studying MD evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the Prototypical Mediterranean Diet (PMD) from 60-70 years ago with the Contemporary Mediterranean Diet (CMD) in Southern Italy.
  • To assess adherence of both PMD and CMD to Italian and USDA dietary guidelines.
  • To document the evolution of dietary habits over a 70-year period.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 106 participants: 52 elderly women (PMD group) and 54 adults (CMD group).
  • Assessed food intake using the EPIC food frequency questionnaire and an additional survey for PMD participants.
  • Compared dietary patterns, macronutrient, and micronutrient intake between the two groups.

Main Results:

  • Both PMD and CMD exhibited adequate macronutrient intake, with some micronutrient deficiencies noted.
  • CMD showed increased consumption of animal products, processed foods, simple sugars, and fats compared to PMD.
  • PMD closely resembled the original MD in macronutrient distribution and food choices.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary habits in Mediterranean regions have shifted away from the traditional MD over the past 70 years.
  • Despite deviations, contemporary nutrient intakes generally align with current LARN and USDA recommendations.
  • The study highlights a significant evolution in the Mediterranean Diet, impacting food choices and nutrient profiles.