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Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Endoscopic Ossiculoplasty – Techniques, Innovations, and Practical Guidance for Clinical Integration

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Otitis Media with Effusion: Our National Practice.

Rachel E Roditi¹, Richard M Rosenfeld², Jennifer J Shin¹

¹1 Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

|May 24, 2017

Summary

Despite clinical guidelines recommending against their use for otitis media with effusion (OME), antihistamines, antibiotics, and intranasal steroids are frequently prescribed. This highlights significant gaps in evidence-based practice for OME management.

Keywords:

antibiotic antihistamine child nasal steroid oral steroid otitis media with effusion pediatric performance metrics prescribing quality

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Area of Science:

Pediatrics
Otolaryngology
Clinical Practice Guidelines

Background:

Otitis media with effusion (OME) is a common condition in children.
Clinical practice guidelines from the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend against specific medications for OME.
Understanding current practice patterns is crucial for improving OME care.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess practice patterns related to OME treatment.
To identify deviations from evidence-based guidelines for OME management.
To quantify gaps in care for children with OME.

Main Methods:

Analysis of nationally representative data.
Statistical control for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and other confounders.
Assessment of medication administration risks associated with OME diagnosis.

Main Results:

Increased odds of antihistamine administration (OR, 3.53) for OME.
Increased odds of antibiotic administration (OR, 4.31) for OME.
Increased odds of intranasal steroid administration (OR, 3.58) for OME.

Conclusions:

Significant gaps exist between OME clinical guidelines and actual practice.
Opportunities for quality improvement in OME care are identified.
Targeted education may improve adherence to evidence-based OME therapy and referral practices.