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Challenges Working with Presidential Bioethics Commissions.

Ruth Macklin

    The Hastings Center Report
    |May 26, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Reflecting on presidential commissions, the author examines the impact of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments and the National Bioethics Advisory Commission. Key challenges included retrospective ethical judgments and maintaining personal integrity when drafting reports.

    Area of Science:

    • Bioethics
    • History of Science
    • Governmental Science Policy

    Background:

    • Presidential commissions play a role in scientific and ethical oversight.
    • The author participated in the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments (ACHRE) and the National Bioethics Advisory Commission (NBAC).
    • Reflections focus on the lasting impact and ethical considerations of commission work.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the impact and recommendations of presidential commissions.
    • To explore the ethical challenges faced by commission members and consultants.
    • To examine the tension between personal integrity and commission directives.

    Main Methods:

    • Personal reflection on experiences with ACHRE (1994-1995) and NBAC (1999-2000).

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  • Review of ACHRE's charter, focusing on human radiation experiments and environmental releases.
  • Analysis of the role of a senior consultant in drafting NBAC reports on multinational research.

    • Main Results:

    • ACHRE faced unique challenges in making retrospective ethical judgments regarding past experiments.
    • The author's role in NBAC involved drafting reports, prioritizing commissioners' views.
    • A significant concern was maintaining intellectual and moral integrity when personal views conflicted with commission directives.

    Conclusions:

    • The impact of presidential commission recommendations warrants ongoing evaluation.
    • The process of retrospective ethical judgment in historical scientific reviews is complex.
    • Balancing individual integrity with collective commission output presents ethical dilemmas for consultants.