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Effect of magnesium on arrhythmia incidence in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
Alireza Mohammadzadeh1, Farshad Towfighi1, Naser Jafari1
1Department of Cardiothoracic, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Insights
Magnesium sulphate did not significantly reduce cardiac arrhythmias after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Post-operative magnesium levels showed no correlation with arrhythmia incidence in patients undergoing CABG.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Cardiac Surgery
- Clinical Trials
Background:
- Cardiac arrhythmia is a frequent complication following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
- The role of magnesium in preventing post-CABG arrhythmias remains debated.
- This study investigated magnesium's therapeutic effects on cardiac arrhythmia post-CABG.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of magnesium sulphate in preventing cardiac arrhythmias after CABG.
- To determine the relationship between serum magnesium levels and post-CABG arrhythmias.
Main Methods:
- A clinical trial involving 250 patients undergoing CABG.
- Patients were grouped by initial serum magnesium levels (hypomagnesemic and normomagnesemic).
- Post-surgery, subgroups received either magnesium sulphate or placebo, with arrhythmias monitored for 3 days.
Main Results:
- No significant difference in arrhythmia occurrence was observed between magnesium and placebo subgroups.
- Serum magnesium levels did not show a significant correlation with arrhythmia incidence within 3 days post-surgery.
Conclusions:
- Magnesium sulphate administration did not significantly impact the incidence of arrhythmias in patients after CABG.
- Post-operative serum magnesium levels were not significantly correlated with arrhythmia development in the observed period.
Background:
Cardiac arrhythmia after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery is a common complication of cardiac surgery. The effect of serum magnesium, hypomagnesaemia treatment and prophylactic administration of magnesium in the development and prevention of arrhythmias is controversial and there are many different ideas. This study evaluates the therapeutic effects of magnesium in cardiac arrhythmia after CABG surgery.
Methods:
The clinical trial enrolled 250 patients who underwent CABG. Based on the initial serum levels of magnesium, patients were divided into two groups: hypomagnesium and normomagnesium. Based on bioethics committee requirements, patients in the hypo-magnesium group received magnesium treatments until they attained normal magnesium blood levels. Both groups underwent CABG with normal blood levels of magnesium. After surgery, each group was randomly divided into two subgroups: one subgroup received a bolus dose of magnesium sulphate (30 mg/kg in 5 min) and the other subgroup received a placebo. Subgroups were under observation in the intensive care unit for 3 days and arrhythmias were recorded. Data from all four subgroups were analysed statistically and interpreted.
Results:
The results of this study showed that the occurrence of arrhythmia was not significantly different among subgroups (P > 0.05). There was no significant relationship between blood levels of magnesium and arrhythmia during the 3 days post-surgery (P > 0.05).
Conclusion:
The results of this study showed that magnesium sulphate administration did not significantly improve the incidence of arrhythmias in hypo- and normo-magnesium patients after CABG. There was no significant correlation between post-operative serum levels of magnesium and arrhythmia during 3 days.
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