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LoRa Scalability: A Simulation Model Based on Interference Measurements.

Jetmir Haxhibeqiri1, Floris Van den Abeele2, Ingrid Moerman3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study examines LoRaWAN network scalability for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Results show that increasing end devices per gateway up to 1000 causes up to 32% packet loss, significantly better than pure Aloha.

Keywords:
Internet of Things (IoT)LoRaLoRaWANinterference modelinglow-power wide area networks (LPWAN)scalability

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Area of Science:

  • Wireless Communication Technologies
  • Internet of Things (IoT)
  • Network Performance Analysis

Background:

  • LoRa (Long Range) is a low-power, long-range wireless technology for IoT.
  • LoRaWAN networks utilize end nodes communicating through gateways to a network server.
  • Network performance is affected by the number of end devices and their throughput demands.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the scalability of single-gateway LoRaWAN deployments.
  • To analyze the impact of increasing end devices per gateway on network performance.
  • To evaluate LoRaWAN performance against pure Aloha under high node density.

Main Methods:

  • Determined intra-technology interference by testing two physical LoRa nodes.
  • Developed a simulation model based on interference measurements.
  • Simulated network scalability with varying numbers of end devices per gateway.

Main Results:

  • Concurrent transmissions in LoRa can result in successful packet reception under specific conditions.
  • Simulations indicate up to 32% packet loss with 1000 end devices per gateway.
  • LoRaWAN performance significantly outperforms pure Aloha (approx. 90% loss) at high densities.
  • Lower application layer duty cycles (below 1%) further reduce packet loss.

Conclusions:

  • Single-gateway LoRaWAN networks demonstrate reasonable scalability for IoT.
  • Optimizing application layer duty cycles is crucial for maintaining performance.
  • The study provides valuable insights for designing and deploying large-scale LoRaWAN networks.