Induced Cell Turnover: A Novel Therapeutic Modality for In Situ Tissue Regeneration
Francesco Albert Bosco Cortese1,2, Sebastian Aguiar3, Giovanni Santostasi4
11 Biogerontology Research Foundation, Oxford, United Kingdom .
Abstract:
Induced cell turnover (ICT) is a theoretical intervention in which the targeted ablation of damaged, diseased, and/or nonfunctional cells is coupled with replacement by partially differentiated induced pluripotent stem cells in a gradual and multiphasic manner. Tissue-specific ablation can be achieved using pro-apoptotic small molecule cocktails, peptide mimetics, and/or tissue-tropic adeno-associated virus-delivered suicide genes driven by cell type-specific promoters. Replenishment with new cells can be mediated by systemic administration of cells engineered for homing, robustness, and even enhanced function and disease resistance. Otherwise, the controlled release of cells can be achieved using implanted biodegradable scaffolds, hydrogels, and polymer matrixes. In theory, ICT would enable in situ tissue regeneration without the need for surgical transplantation of organs produced ex vivo, and addresses non-transplantable tissues (such as the vasculature, lymph nodes, and the nervous system). This article outlines several complimentary strategies for overcoming barriers to ICT in an effort to stimulate further research at this promising interface of cell therapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
Insights
Induced cell turnover (ICT) offers a novel approach to tissue regeneration by removing damaged cells and replacing them with stem cells. This method could enable in situ repair for non-transplantable tissues, advancing regenerative medicine.
Area of Science:
- Regenerative Medicine
- Cell Therapy
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Induced cell turnover (ICT) is a theoretical strategy for tissue repair.
- It involves targeted removal of damaged cells and replacement with new ones.
- Current limitations hinder its clinical application.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline strategies for overcoming barriers to induced cell turnover.
- To stimulate research at the intersection of cell therapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
- To explore ICT as an alternative to ex vivo organ transplantation.
Main Methods:
- Tissue-specific ablation using pro-apoptotic agents or suicide gene therapy.
- Cell replenishment via systemic administration or controlled release from biomaterials.
- Engineering cells for homing, robustness, and enhanced function.
Main Results:
- The article theoretically outlines complementary strategies for ICT implementation.
- It addresses challenges in ablation and cell replacement for in situ regeneration.
- Potential applications include non-transplantable tissues like vasculature and nervous system.
Conclusions:
- ICT presents a promising theoretical framework for in situ tissue regeneration.
- Addressing current barriers could enable ICT for various non-transplantable tissues.
- Further research is crucial to translate ICT into clinical practice.
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