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Social Context and Value-Based Care: A Capabilities Approach for Addressing Health Disparities.

Whitney A Thurman1, Tracie Harrison1

  • 11 The University of Texas at Austin School of Nursing, TX, USA.

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Addressing racial health disparities requires more than healthcare access. A comprehensive framework, like the capabilities approach, is needed to tackle social determinants and improve health equity for all populations.

Keywords:
capabilities approachhealth disparitiespublic policyracesocial determinants of healthveterans’ health

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Equity Research
  • Social Determinants of Health

Background:

  • Racial disparities in health are a persistent issue in the United States.
  • Healthcare access alone has proven insufficient to address these deeply rooted social inequalities.
  • A lack of an overarching framework hinders progress in alleviating health disparities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose Amartya Sen's capabilities approach as a theoretical framework for addressing health disparities.
  • To examine the link between social inequalities and health disparities using a subset of veterans.
  • To provide empirical evidence and theoretical explanations for racial disparities within the Veterans Health Administration.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing theoretical concepts linking social inequalities with health disparities.
  • Analyzing empirical data on racial disparities in health among Veterans Health Administration patients.
  • Applying the capabilities approach to understand and address systemic health inequities.

Main Results:

  • Empirical evidence demonstrates racial disparities in health outcomes within the Veterans Health Administration.
  • Social inequalities are intrinsically linked to health disparities, particularly within healthcare systems.
  • The capabilities approach offers a robust framework for analyzing and intervening in health disparities.

Conclusions:

  • The capabilities approach provides a comprehensive lens to address the social context and quality of care influencing health disparities.
  • System-level explanations are crucial for understanding and mitigating racial inequities in health.
  • Implementing the capabilities approach can guide policymakers and researchers toward more effective strategies for health equity.