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VARIATION IN RIBOSOMAL DNA AMONG BIOLOGICAL SPECIES OF ARMILLARIA, A GENUS OF ROOT-INFECTING FUNGI.

James B Anderson1, Steven S Bailey1, Patricia J Pukkila2

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Summary

This study mapped ribosomal DNA (rDNA) in Armillaria fungi to understand relationships between species. Genetic variations in rDNA helped classify eight North American and five European biological species into six distinct groups.

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Armillaria is a genus of root-infecting fungi with multiple biological species in North America and Europe.
  • Understanding the genetic relatedness among these species is crucial for ecological and agricultural applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic relatedness among different biological species of Armillaria.
  • To develop a ribosomal DNA (rDNA) based classification system for North American and European Armillaria species.

Main Methods:

  • Cloning of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) from one Armillaria isolate.
  • Mapping of rDNA from 30 isolates using eight restriction enzymes.
  • Identification of large (26S) and small (18S) rRNA cistron positions via Northern hybridizations and map alignments.

Main Results:

  • Observed nine restriction-site and two length polymorphisms in the rDNA.
  • Classified eight North American and five European Armillaria biological species into six distinct rDNA-based classes.
  • Identified most polymorphisms within intergenic regions of the rDNA.

Conclusions:

  • Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) analysis provides a robust method for differentiating and classifying Armillaria species.
  • The established rDNA classes offer a framework for understanding the evolutionary relationships within the Armillaria genus.
  • Genetic polymorphisms, particularly in intergenic regions, are key markers for species delineation in Armillaria.