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CONTRASTING THE UNDERLYING PATTERNS OF ACTIVE TRENDS IN MORPHOLOGIC EVOLUTION.

Peter J Wagner1

  • 15734 South Ellis Avenue, Department of Geophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637.

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|June 1, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early Paleozoic gastropod evolution showed active trends in shell morphology. These trends may be driven by selective sorting, evolutionary constraints, or species hitchhiking, with the latter not supporting selection hypotheses.

Keywords:
ConstraintsWright's Rulemass extinctionsphylogenetic effectssortingspeciationtrends

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Area of Science:

  • Paleontology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Gastropod Paleobiology

Background:

  • The early Paleozoic era was a dynamic period for gastropod evolution.
  • At least three distinct shell characters exhibited active evolutionary trends.
  • Active trends imply non-random changes in morphology over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms driving active evolutionary trends in early Paleozoic gastropods.
  • To differentiate between selective sorting, evolutionary constraints, and artifactual trends (species hitchhiking).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of fossil records to identify trends in gastropod shell morphology.
  • Modeling of selective sorting at individual and species levels.
  • Evaluation of evolutionary constraints on morphologic change.
  • Assessment of differential diversification and its potential to create artifactual trends.

Main Results:

  • Selective sorting of individuals or species can explain active evolutionary trends.
  • Species sorting can occur gradually or be concentrated around extinction events.
  • Morphologic evolution can be influenced by constraints, favoring easier-to-produce forms.
  • Species hitchhiking, driven by unrelated diversification, can mimic active trends without selection.

Conclusions:

  • Active trends in gastropod shell morphology during the early Paleozoic resulted from various mechanisms.
  • Selective sorting and evolutionary constraints are plausible drivers of these trends.
  • Trends attributed to species hitchhiking do not provide evidence for selection or constraints.