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Area of Science:

  • Marine chemistry
  • Ecosystem dynamics
  • Climate change impacts

Background:

  • Coastal upwelling ecosystems face significant chemical changes due to ocean acidification (OA).
  • Understanding the spatial distribution of OA is crucial for effective management strategies.
  • Current knowledge on OA exposure in nearshore habitats remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatial patterns of ocean acidification in coastal upwelling ecosystems.
  • To assess the duration and severity of suboptimal conditions for marine life.
  • To identify potential refuge areas for marine organisms facing OA.

Main Methods:

  • Deployment of a novel coastal ocean acidification observing network.
  • Monitoring of nearshore habitats across 1,000 km of the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem.
  • Analysis of water chemistry, including pH variability and penetration of acidified waters.

Main Results:

  • A persistent spatial mosaic of OA exposure was observed in nearshore habitats.
  • Hotspots experienced suboptimal conditions for calcifying organisms for up to 56% of the summer season.
  • Some of the lowest and most variable surface ocean pH levels were recorded in these hotspots.
  • Persistent refuge areas with less severe OA conditions were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial heterogeneity in OA is a key feature of coastal upwelling systems.
  • Management actions must consider the observed spatial patterns of OA exposure.
  • Identified refuge areas offer opportunities for local adaptation to ocean acidification.
  • This research provides critical data for conserving productive coastal ecosystems under climate change.