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This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores nonlinear dynamics in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) under optical injection. High-performance VCSELs exhibit complex behaviors like chaos in both polarization modes simultaneously.

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Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Nonlinear Dynamics
Semiconductor Lasers

Background:

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are crucial components in optical communication systems.
Understanding their polarization dynamics under external stimuli is vital for device performance.
Optical injection can significantly alter VCSEL behavior, leading to complex nonlinear phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally investigate the polarization nonlinear dynamics of a 1550 nm single-mode VCSEL.
To map the stability regions of different nonlinear dynamics as a function of bias current.
To analyze the behavior of VCSELs with high polarization mode suppression ratios (≥ 35 dB).

Main Methods:

Experimental setup involving a 1550 nm single-mode VCSEL.
Application of parallel optical injection.
Systematic variation of bias current to generate stability maps.
Measurement and analysis of polarization dynamics.

Main Results:

Detailed stability maps illustrating regions of various nonlinear dynamics were experimentally determined.
VCSELs with high polarization mode suppression ratios (≥ 35 dB) were shown to exhibit rich nonlinear dynamics.
Simultaneous periodic and chaotic behaviors were observed in both linear polarization modes.

Conclusions:

High-performance VCSELs can display complex nonlinear dynamics across both polarization modes.
The findings provide insights into the operational limits and potential applications of VCSELs under optical injection.
This research contributes to the understanding of nonlinear phenomena in semiconductor lasers.