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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Efficient Generation and Editing of Feeder-free IPSCs from Human Pancreatic Cells Using the CRISPR-Cas9 System
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iPSCs are safe!

Hualong Yan1, Yun-Bo Shi2, Jing Huang1

  • 1Cancer and Stem Cell Epigenetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA.

Cell & Bioscience
|June 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are safe for cell therapy. Genomic alterations in iPSCs are mostly inherited from parental cells, not caused by the reprogramming process itself.

Keywords:
Cell therapyCloningGenomic alterationsInduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)Reprogramming

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Genomics
  • Cell therapy

Background:

  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) show promise for regenerative medicine.
  • Safety concerns, particularly genomic alterations, hinder iPSC clinical applications.
  • Previous studies observed genetic changes in iPSCs, raising safety questions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the origin of genomic alterations in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
  • To assess the mutagenicity of the iPSC reprogramming process compared to cell culture.
  • To determine the safety of iPSCs for potential cell therapy applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology.
  • Compared genomic profiles of clonal skin fibroblasts with their derived iPSC clones.
  • Analyzed rare inherited genomic alterations present in both cell types.

Main Results:

  • The majority of genomic alterations observed in iPSCs were rare alterations inherited from the parental fibroblasts.
  • The reprogramming process did not introduce a significant number of new mutations.
  • Reprogramming iPSCs is comparable in mutagenicity to simple cell subcloning.

Conclusions:

  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) possess genomic alterations that are largely inherited, not induced by reprogramming.
  • The findings support the safety of iPSCs for therapeutic use.
  • Further clinical development of iPSC-based therapies is warranted.