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Related Concept Videos

Maturation of Endosomes01:28

Maturation of Endosomes

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The early endosome containing internalized molecules matures through transformations in its location, morphology, intraluminal pH, and membrane protein composition. Together, these changes result in a more acidic late endosome that contains multiple intraluminal vesicles; therefore, the late endosome is also called a multivesicular body (MVB).
Changes in location
The maturing endosome moves along microtubules from the periphery of the cell towards the perinuclear region. This movement of the...
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Introduction to Membrane Traffic01:44

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The ER, Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and lysosomes work in tandem to modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids. An integrated membrane trafficking network facilitates the back and forth shuttling of molecules within different organelles in the same cell or across the cell membrane.
The transport of soluble and membrane proteins is mediated by transport vesicles that collect cargo from one cellular compartment and deliver it to another by fusing with the target organelle membrane. The Rab...
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The Early Endosome: Endocytosis of Transferrin01:28

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Essential proteins such as insulin or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and micronutrients such as iron enter a eukaryotic cell through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Subsequently, the early endosomes fuse with the vesicles containing such receptor-ligand complexes and play a vital role in sorting the incoming ligands and receptors. While the ligands are either degraded inside the vesicle or released into the cytosol, their receptors are returned to the plasma membrane for further rounds of...
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Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis00:58

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The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway. Molecules internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis are either degraded in the lysosomes or are recycled to the plasma membrane through the fast- or slow-recycling route.
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Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

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Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
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ER Retrieval Pathway01:45

ER Retrieval Pathway

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In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Quantification of Endosome and Lysosome Motilities in Cultured Neurons Using Fluorescent Probes
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Nervous system development relies on endosomal trafficking.

Ivan Mestres1, Ching-Hwa Sung2,3

  • 1DFG-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies, Cluster of Excellence, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)
|June 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary

The endosomal machinery is crucial for nervous system development, influencing neurogenesis and neuronal migration. Further research is needed to fully understand the signaling molecules regulated by endosomes during these processes.

Keywords:
asymmetric mitosisbrain developmentendosomal systemmembrane traffickingneuron migrationsmad anchor for receptor activation (SARA)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The endosomal machinery plays a critical role in nervous system development.
  • Endosomes are involved in segregating cell fate molecules during neurogenesis.
  • Endocytic trafficking regulates signaling receptors and adhesion molecules essential for neuronal morphology and migration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of the endosomal machinery's role in nervous system development.
  • To highlight the involvement of endosomes in neurogenesis and neuronal migration.
  • To identify knowledge gaps regarding endosomal sorting adaptors and their substrates.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research findings.
  • Commentary on the current state of the field.
  • Discussion of emerging evidence.

Main Results:

  • Endosomes are essential for differential segregation of cell fate determinants in neural progenitors.
  • Endocytic trafficking precisely controls the distribution of signaling receptors and adhesion molecules.
  • Neuronal morphology and migration are significantly influenced by endosomal-mediated membrane component regulation.

Conclusions:

  • The endosomal machinery is a key regulator of critical events in nervous system development.
  • The specific roles of endosomal sorting adaptors are cell-type and developmental stage-dependent.
  • Further exploration is required to elucidate the full repertoire of molecules regulated by endosomes during neural development.