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Coagulation

Coagulation

Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Patterning of Microorganisms and Microparticles through Sequential Capillarity-assisted Assembly

Patterning of Microorganisms and Microparticles through Sequential Capillarity-assisted Assembly

Published on: November 4, 2021

Hybrid colloidal microswimmers through sequential capillary assembly.

Songbo Ni¹, Emanuele Marini, Ivo Buttinoni

¹Laboratory for Interfaces, Soft Matter, and Assembly, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland. lucio.isa@mat.ethz.ch.

|June 3, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new method to create customized artificial microswimmers. These active colloids can be engineered for specific movements and tasks, advancing micro- and nanoscale device applications.

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Last Updated: Mar 1, 2026

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Area of Science:

Physics, Materials Science, Nanotechnology

Background:

Active colloids (artificial microswimmers) are self-propelled particles with applications in micro- and nanoscale devices.
Current fabrication methods limit material, geometry, and motion diversity for active colloids.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel fabrication technique for creating diverse and customizable active colloids.
To engineer active colloids with tunable motion and functionalities for specific tasks.

Main Methods:

Utilized sequential capillarity-assisted particle assembly (sCAPA) to create hybrid colloidal molecules.
Engineered asymmetric electro-hydrodynamic flows to power particle motion (translation, circulation, rotation).
Characterized active motion and tuned trajectories by varying composition and shape.

Main Results:

Successfully fabricated hybrid colloidal clusters with prescribed shapes and active motion.
Demonstrated tunable trajectories by controlling particle composition and cluster geometry.
Engineered active colloids capable of switching motion and performing pick-up/transport tasks.

Conclusions:

The sCAPA method enables the creation of customized active colloids with diverse functionalities.
Findings facilitate exploration of fundamental active matter phenomena and development of novel micro- and nanoscale devices.
This work provides a platform for physicists and engineers to design and utilize tailored active colloids.