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$X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples$ 01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

$Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples$

Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples

Published on: June 19, 2018

Processing of XFEL Data.

Thomas A White¹

¹Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany. thomas.white@cfel.de.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|June 3, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

New data processing strategies are needed for X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) crystallography experiments. Recent advancements in serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) and continuous scattering methods require novel computational approaches for analyzing XFEL data.

Keywords:

Data processing Indexing Integration Merging Scaling Serial femtosecond crystallography XFEL

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Area of Science:

Crystallography
Structural Biology
X-ray Science

Background:

The advent of X-ray lasers has significantly altered crystallographic experiments.
Conventional data processing methods require adaptation for X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) data.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the unique characteristics of XFEL data.
To introduce developing data processing strategies for XFEL crystallography.

Main Methods:

Analysis of data processing challenges in XFEL crystallography.
Review of current computational methods for handling XFEL data.
Exploration of new techniques for continuous scattering data.

Main Results:

Some XFEL experiments closely resemble conventional methods but need specific data processing considerations.
Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) presents unique challenges, with many recently resolved.
Emerging continuous scattering techniques necessitate significant modifications to existing data processing workflows.

Conclusions:

The evolution of XFEL crystallography demands innovative data processing solutions.
Ongoing research is actively addressing the complexities of XFEL data analysis.
Future developments in XFEL data processing will be crucial for advancing structural biology.