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Wearable Microsystem for Minimally Invasive, Pseudo-Continuous Blood Glucose Monitoring: The e-Mosquito.

Gang Wang, Michael D Poscente, Simon S Park

    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
    |June 3, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces the e-Mosquito, a wearable device for autonomous blood glucose monitoring. It uses a novel microactuator to draw whole blood, offering a less invasive alternative to fingerpricking for diabetic patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Wearable Technology
    • Biosensors

    Background:

    • Diabetes management requires frequent blood glucose monitoring.
    • Current methods like fingerpricking are invasive and inconvenient.
    • Existing non-invasive methods often lack accuracy or reliability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a wearable microsystem for minimally invasive, autonomous blood glucose monitoring.
    • To create a device that directly measures whole blood glucose levels.
    • To offer a more convenient alternative to traditional blood glucose testing.

    Main Methods:

    • A novel shape memory alloy (SMA)-based microactuator was designed for skin lancing.
    • The microsystem was characterized in vitro for penetration force and energy consumption.

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  • Human volunteers were used to evaluate blood sample extraction from the wrist.
  • An integrated potentiostat-based glucose sensing circuit was employed for direct measurement.

    • Main Results:

    • The SMA microactuator achieved a penetration force of 225 gf and depth of 3.55 mm.
    • 19 out of 23 actuations successfully extracted blood droplets from human subjects.
    • The glucose sensing circuit demonstrated a strong linear correlation (R² = 0.9733) with standard monitoring technology.

    Conclusions:

    • The e-Mosquito microsystem shows feasibility for autonomous, intermittent blood glucose monitoring.
    • Direct whole blood sampling and measurement offer a promising approach.
    • This technology could significantly improve convenience for diabetic patients.