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Related Concept Videos

Sampling Plans01:23

Sampling Plans

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Sampling is a crucial step in analytical chemistry, allowing researchers to collect representative data from a large population. Common sampling methods include random, judgmental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling.
Random sampling is a method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. It involves selecting individuals randomly, often using random number generators or lottery-type methods. For example, when analyzing the properties of a...
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Contaminants and Errors01:16

Contaminants and Errors

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Effective sample preparation is crucial for accurate and reliable laboratory analysis. During this process, two significant sources of error can arise: concentration bias from improper sample splitting and contamination caused by methods used to reduce particle size, such as grinding or homogenization. Identifying and minimizing these potential errors is crucial to ensuring the validity of the analysis.
Another key consideration is determining the appropriate number of samples required to...
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Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy01:20

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

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To be visualized by an electron microscope, either transmission or scanning, biological samples need to be fixed (stabilized) so the electron beam does not destroy them and dried thoroughly (desiccated/dehydrated) so the vacuum does not affect them. Fixation needs to be done as quickly as possible because the sample properties will start changing as soon as it is removed from its natural environment. For example, in a tissue sample, the oxygen levels begin decreasing, causing an altered...
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Sampling Methods: Sample Types01:18

Sampling Methods: Sample Types

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Sampling materials are classified into three main types: solid, liquid, and gas.
Solid samples include a variety of substances, such as sediments from water bodies, soil, metals, and biological tissues. Two standard methods for extracting sediments from water bodies are grab sampling and piston coring. Grab sampling involves using a device to collect a discrete sediment sample from the bottom of a water body with minimal disturbance. Grab samples do not always represent the entire area due to...
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Voltammetry: Stripping Methods01:13

Voltammetry: Stripping Methods

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Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV), Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry (CSV), and Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry (AdSV) are electrochemical techniques used to determine trace amounts of analytes in solution. These methods involve applying a potential to an electrode and measuring the resulting current.
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV)
ASV is used to determine metals and metalloids at trace levels. It involves two steps: deposition and stripping. First, a negative potential is applied to the...
1.1K
Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview01:21

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview

3.9K
Sample preparation is an essential step in the analytical process. It involves preparing a sample so that it can be analyzed accurately. The goal is to extract the analyte, the substance you want to measure, from the sample while removing any components that may interfere with the analysis. Sample preparation techniques vary depending on the physical state of the sample.
Bulk or large solid samples are typically reduced in size using grinding, crushing, or milling techniques to increase the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Standardized Method for Measuring Collection Efficiency from Wipe-sampling of Trace Explosives
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Standardized Method for Measuring Collection Efficiency from Wipe-sampling of Trace Explosives

Published on: April 10, 2017

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Lessons learned from surface wipe sampling for lead in three workplaces.

Catherine Beaucham1, Diana Ceballos2, Bradley King3

  • 1a Hazard Evaluations and Technical Assistance Branch, Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Cincinnati , Ohio.

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
|June 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surface wipe sampling effectively detected lead on non-production surfaces in workplaces, indicating potential take-home exposure risks for employees. Challenges in interpreting results and colorimetric analysis interference were also noted.

Keywords:
Battery recyclingcolorimetricelectronic scrap recyclingfiring rangeleadmetalssurface samplingwipes

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Environmental Science
  • Industrial Hygiene

Background:

  • Surface wipe sampling is a key industrial hygiene tool for assessing occupational exposures.
  • Standardized methods for lead and metal surface sampling exist, but interpretation remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of surface wipe sampling for lead detection in diverse occupational settings.
  • To identify challenges and best practices for wipe sampling strategies and results interpretation.

Main Methods:

  • Surface wipe samples were collected to measure lead levels in three distinct industrial facilities.
  • Colorimetric analysis was employed for sample analysis, with potential interferences noted.

Main Results:

  • Lead was detected on non-production surfaces across all three facilities.
  • Evidence suggested potential for employees to carry lead residue home to their families.
  • Interference from other metals, like tin, affected colorimetric results.

Conclusions:

  • Surface wipe sampling is valuable for identifying lead contamination in occupational environments, even on non-production surfaces.
  • The technique highlights potential take-home exposure pathways.
  • Interferences and interpretation complexities necessitate careful consideration in sampling strategies.