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Functional Performance and Balance in the Oldest-Old.

Michal Kafri1, Yeshayahu Hutzler2, Olga Korsensky1,2

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.

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Summary

The oldest-old population shows strong links between balance self-efficacy and functional abilities. Interventions should focus on improving balance confidence to enhance function in this growing demographic.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Biomechanics
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • The oldest-old (85+ years) are the fastest-growing demographic group.
  • Declines in balance and function are common with aging, but characteristics in the oldest-old are understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize balance control, functional abilities, and balance self-efficacy in the oldest-old.
  • To examine correlations between these factors.
  • To identify differences between fallers and nonfallers in this age group.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 45 independently ambulating oldest-old individuals (mean age 90.3 years) in assisted living.
  • Function assessed via Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI).
  • Balance measured using mini-Balance Evaluation System Test (mini-BESTest) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test.
  • Balance self-efficacy evaluated with the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale.

Main Results:

  • Strong correlation (r > 0.7) found between ABC scores and LLFDI function.
  • Fair to moderate correlations (r's 0.38-0.62) between mini-BESTest and LLFDI.
  • Age and ABC scores significantly predicted LLFDI scores (p < .05).
  • Fallers and nonfallers differed significantly on most measures, except TUG and specific mini-BESTest domains.

Conclusions:

  • Study provides normative data on balance and function for the oldest-old.
  • A strong association exists between balance self-efficacy and functional ability.
  • Interventions should prioritize enhancing balance self-efficacy to improve function in this population.