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Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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Cognitive training in Alzheimer's disease: a controlled randomized study.

A R Giovagnoli1, V Manfredi2, A Parente2

  • 1Department of Diagnostics and Applied Technology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy. annarita.giovagnoli@istituto-besta.it.

Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
|June 4, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive training (CT) significantly improved initiative in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, unlike music therapy or neuroeducation. While CT stabilized memory, non-cognitive therapies improved mood and social aspects.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseCognitive trainingInitiativeMemoryMusic therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline.
  • Impaired initiative and episodic memory are common symptoms in mild to moderate AD.
  • Non-pharmacological interventions are being explored to manage AD symptoms and improve quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of cognitive training (CT) versus active music therapy (AMT) and neuroeducation (NE) on initiative in patients with mild to moderate AD.
  • To explore the secondary effects of CT on episodic memory, mood, and social relationships.
  • To compare the efficacy of different non-pharmacological interventions for AD.

Main Methods:

  • A controlled, randomized, single-blind study involving 39 patients with mild to moderate AD.
  • Participants were assigned to CT, AMT, or NE for 3 months.
  • Neuropsychological tests and self-rated scales assessed initiative, episodic memory, mood, and social relationships before, at the end, and 3 months after treatment.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive training (CT) led to significant improvements in initiative, with 62% of patients showing clinically significant gains.
  • Active music therapy (AMT) and neuroeducation (NE) did not significantly improve initiative.
  • Episodic memory remained stable after CT and AMT but worsened after NE. Mood and social relationships improved across all groups, particularly after AMT and NE.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive training (CT) is effective in improving initiative and stabilizing memory in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Non-cognitive therapies like AMT and NE can ameliorate psychosocial aspects of AD.
  • Combining CT with non-cognitive treatments may offer significant clinical benefits for AD patients.