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Alpha-adrenergic responses in asthma.

P B Davis, G L Paget, V Turi

The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine

|February 1, 1985

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Asthma patients exhibit heightened alpha 1-adrenergic sensitivity, indicated by a stronger reaction to phenylephrine. However, their alpha 2-adrenergic responses and platelet receptors remain normal, suggesting this hypersensitivity is intrinsic to asthma.

Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Pulmonology
Autonomic Nervous System Research

Background:

Autonomic nervous system dysfunction is implicated in asthma.
Alpha-adrenergic receptor function in asthma requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate alpha 1-adrenergic sensitivity and alpha 2-adrenergic responsiveness in medication-free asthma patients with normal pulmonary function.

Main Methods:

Assessed alpha 1-adrenergic sensitivity via phenylephrine-induced mydriasis.
Evaluated alpha 2-adrenergic responsiveness by norepinephrine's inhibition of platelet cyclic AMP synthesis.
Quantified alpha 2-receptor number and affinity using [3H]-yohimbine binding assays.

Main Results:

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Asthmatic subjects showed significantly increased alpha 1-adrenergic sensitivity to phenylephrine.

Platelet alpha 2-adrenergic responses, receptor number, and antagonist affinity were normal in asthmatics.

No correlation found between alpha 1-hypersensitivity and medication use or pulmonary dysfunction.

Conclusions:

The observed alpha 1-adrenergic hypersensitivity in asthma may be an intrinsic disease characteristic.
Autonomic aberrations in asthma do not appear to involve the platelet alpha 2-adrenergic system.