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In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

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Published on: August 24, 2013

Extra-embryonic tissue spreading directs early embryo morphogenesis in killifish.

Germán Reig^1,2, Mauricio Cerda^1,2, Néstor Sepúlveda³

¹Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, PO Box 70031, Santiago, Chile.

Nature Communications

|June 6, 2017

Summary

The extra-embryonic epithelium guides embryonic tissue spreading through mechanical signals, revealing a novel mechanism for embryo morphogenesis. This study illuminates how cell layers coordinate during early development.

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Area of Science:

Developmental biology
Cell biology
Biophysics

Background:

Mesenchymal-like cell spreading is vital for embryo development and tissue repair.
Understanding in vivo tissue spreading mechanisms remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the principles of tissue spreading in a simplified embryonic environment.
To elucidate the role of the extra-embryonic epithelium in directing embryonic cell migration.

Main Methods:

In vivo experimentation using the annual killifish embryo.
Physical modeling of cell-tissue interactions.
Analysis of cell membrane adhesion and tension.

Main Results:

The extra-embryonic epithelial layer actively directs embryonic tissue spreading.
Embryonic cells couple their motility to expansion signals from the extra-embryonic epithelium.
Cell membrane adhesion and tension mediate this coupling.

Conclusions:

A novel mechanism of extra-embryonic control over embryo morphogenesis is presented.
Mechanical coupling between adjacent tissues regulates early embryonic development.
The extra-embryonic epithelium plays a crucial role beyond protection in embryo morphogenesis.