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Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery
Published on: August 17, 2022
Uses of Ultrasound in a Surgical Practice
1Professor and Vice Chairman, Department of Radiology, UCSF and Chief of Radiology, Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California.
Abstract:
The applications of sonography multiply year by year. The technology initially progressed from a simple A-mode signal, to contact scanners which produced B-mode images. These, in turn, were supplanted by real-time instruments capable of defining motion. The next development was the duplex Doppler machines which characterised flow from an image in a specific area. Now, colour coding of vascularity and high resolution imagery have become the standards of excellence.
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