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Flow defects in wet powder mass extrusion.

P J Harrison, J M Newton, R C Rowe

The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

|February 1, 1985

Summary

Surface defects like roughness and sharkskinning in microcrystalline cellulose/lactose/water extrudates can be prevented. Adjusting extrusion process conditions, such as die length, throughput velocity, and moisture content, mitigates these flow defects.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Pharmaceutical Technology

Background:

Extrusion processes are vital for producing pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Surface defects, specifically roughness and sharkskinning, are common issues in extrudates.
These defects can negatively impact the quality and performance of the final product.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the causes of surface roughness and sharkskinning in microcrystalline cellulose/lactose/water extrudates.
To identify process parameters that influence these flow defects.
To establish methods for avoiding surface impairment during extrusion.

Main Methods:

Utilized extrusion of microcrystalline cellulose/lactose/water mixtures.
Varied key process conditions including die length, throughput velocity, and formulation moisture content.
Analyzed extrudate surface characteristics to identify and quantify defects.

Main Results:

Observed that roughness and sharkskinning are prevalent under certain extrusion conditions.
Determined that these defects stem from stress imbalances at the extrudate's outer wall upon exiting the die.
Identified specific process parameters that directly affect these stresses.

Conclusions:

Surface impairment, including roughness and sharkskinning, in microcrystalline cellulose/lactose/water extrudates is controllable.
Modifying extrusion parameters like die geometry, throughput speed, and water content effectively prevents these defects.
Optimized process conditions can ensure smoother extrudate surfaces, enhancing product quality.

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