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White matter microstructural changes are related to cognitive dysfunction in essential tremor.

Julián Benito-León1,2,3, Virginia Mato-Abad4, Elan D Louis5,6,7

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain. jbenitol67@gmail.com.

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Essential tremor (ET) patients show white matter changes, specifically increased mean diffusivity (MD) and axial diffusivity (AD). These microstructural alterations correlate with cognitive deficits in language, memory, and visuospatial abilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • White Matter Diseases

Background:

  • Essential tremor (ET) is associated with cognitive deficits.
  • Previous diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies suggest white matter microstructural changes in ET.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between white matter microstructural changes and cognitive deficits in ET patients.
  • To compare DTI metrics between ET patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to assess white matter integrity.
  • Whole-brain tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) compared DTI metrics (MD, AD, RD, FA) between 23 ET patients and 23 matched healthy controls.
  • Neuropsychological assessments were correlated with white matter changes.

Main Results:

  • ET patients exhibited increased mean diffusivity (MD) and axial diffusivity (AD) in multiple white matter tracts, including the corona radiata, superior longitudinal fasciculus, internal capsule, and corpus callosum.
  • Increased MD and AD values correlated negatively with language and verbal memory performance.
  • Increased MD and AD values correlated positively with visuospatial ability.

Conclusions:

  • White matter microstructural changes are present in ET patients.
  • These white matter alterations are associated with specific cognitive deficits observed in ET.
  • DTI findings suggest a potential role for white matter changes in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in ET.