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A Decline in HIV Testing Among Persons Who Inject Drugs in the Seattle Area, 2004-2015.

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HIV testing frequency declined among Seattle-area persons who inject drugs (PWID) from 2004-2015. This trend was observed in two independent populations, highlighting a need for further research into causes and interventions for optimal HIV testing.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • HIV testing is crucial for public health HIV response.
  • Assessing HIV testing frequency in persons who inject drugs (PWID) identifies unmet needs and opportunities for improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess trends in HIV testing frequency among PWID in the Seattle area.
  • To identify changes in HIV testing behaviors and partner status awareness over time.

Main Methods:

  • Data combined from National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) and Needle Exchange client surveys (2004-2015).
  • Analysis of HIV testing frequency and awareness of last partner's HIV status.
  • Multivariate analyses controlled for demographic and behavioral factors.

Main Results:

  • A significant decline in HIV testing was observed among PWID in both NHBS and Needle Exchange surveys between 2005 and 2015.
  • The proportion of PWID reporting HIV testing decreased from 64% to 47% (NHBS) and 72% to 58% (Needle Exchange).
  • Awareness of last injection partner's HIV status decreased, while awareness of last sex partner's HIV status also declined.

Conclusions:

  • HIV testing frequency decreased in two independent Seattle-area PWID populations.
  • This decline was accompanied by reduced awareness of partners' HIV status.
  • Further research is needed to understand the reasons for this decline and develop effective strategies to promote optimal HIV testing among PWID.