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Ultrastructural aspects of primary anetoderma.

Joice B Göebel-Pinto1, Hiram L de Almeida1,2, Luis Antônio S de Castro3

  • 1Health Post-graduation Program, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
|June 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Anetoderma, a rare skin condition causing elastic tissue loss, was studied in a patient with positive antinuclear factor. Advanced microscopy revealed significant elastic fiber fragmentation and degeneration in the affected skin.

Keywords:
anetodermaelastic fibersscanning electron microscopytransmission electron microscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathology
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Anetoderma is a rare skin condition characterized by localized loss of dermal elastic tissue.
  • It can be primary (on normal skin, potentially autoimmune-associated) or secondary (following other skin conditions).

Observation:

  • A 37-year-old female presented with asymptomatic herniated plaques on her trunk and limbs for four years.
  • She had a positive antinuclear factor (ANF) test with a titer of 1:160 and a homogeneous nuclear pattern.
  • Family history was unremarkable.

Findings:

  • Light microscopy showed reduced and fragmented elastic fibers, with affected or absent oxytalanic fibers.
  • Transmission electron microscopy confirmed elastic fiber fragmentation and granular degeneration.
  • Scanning electron microscopy revealed significant fissures and fragmentation of elastic tissue in the dermis, with collagen fibers unaffected.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential association between anetoderma and autoimmune markers like ANF.
  • Advanced microscopy techniques provide detailed insights into the structural changes of elastic tissue in anetoderma.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the unknown mechanisms underlying elastic tissue degradation in anetoderma.