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Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics and Cognitive Function in Patients with Schizophrenia
Kristen M Ward1, A Zarina Kraal2, Stephanie A Flowers1
1Clinical Pharmacy Department, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Pharmacotherapy
|June 13, 2017
Summary
Cognitive reserve may protect schizophrenia patients from cognitive decline linked to cardiovascular risk genes. Lower education levels amplified the negative impact of certain genetic variants on verbal memory.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Pharmacogenomics
Background:
- Schizophrenia is associated with cognitive dysfunction and increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
- Cognitive reserve (CR), influenced by factors like education, may modulate cognitive outcomes.
- The interplay between genetic risk factors, CR, and cognition in schizophrenia is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of genetic risk alleles for cognitive dysfunction and CVD on cognitive function in schizophrenia patients.
- To determine if these genetic associations vary based on cognitive reserve (CR) or medication use.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study of 122 adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder on stable antipsychotic treatment.
- Patients were stratified into low, moderate, and high CR groups based on education level.
- Genotyping for AGT M268T, ACE I/D, and APOE ε2/ε3/ε4 variants; cognitive function assessed using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) scale.
Main Results:
- ACE D and APOE ε4 carrier status were linked to lower verbal memory scores, while AGT T carrier status was associated with higher verbal memory scores.
- These genetic associations were significant only in the low-education (low CR) group.
- No significant medication-gene interactions were found impacting cognitive scores.
Conclusions:
- Lower cognitive reserve, indicated by limited formal education, exacerbates the negative effects of specific cardiovascular risk alleles (ACE D, APOE ε4) on verbal memory in schizophrenia.
- Increasing cognitive reserve may offer a protective effect against genetic predispositions to cognitive impairment in schizophrenia.
- These findings highlight the importance of considering both genetic and CR factors in managing cognitive health in schizophrenia.
Keywords:
apolipoprotein Ecardiovascular diseasecognitive functioncognitive reserveeducationpharmacogenomicsrenin-angiotensin systemschizophreniaMore Related Videos
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